Magineti akabva kure kubva pamazuva ehudiki hwako pawaipedza maawa uchirongedza magineti aya epurasitiki ane mavara akajeka pamusuwo wefiriji yaamai vako.Magineti anhasi akasimba kupfuura nakare kose uye akasiyana-siyana anoita kuti abatsire mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa.
Rare Earth uye Ceramic magineti - kunyanya makuru asingawanzo epasi magineti - akachinja maindasitiri mazhinji nemabhizinesi nekuwedzera huwandu hwezvishandiso kana kuita kuti zvikumbiro zviripo zvinyatsoshanda.Nepo varidzi vebhizinesi vazhinji vachiziva nezve magineti aya, kunzwisisa izvo zvinoita kuti vasiyane kunogona kuvhiringa.Heino kukurumidza kumhanya kwemutsauko uripo pakati pemhando mbiri dzemagineti, pamwe nechidimbu chehukama hwavo hwakanakira nekuipira:
Rare Earth
Aya magineti akasimba zvakanyanya anogona kuve akaumbwa neodymium kana samarium, ese ari maviri e lanthanide akatevedzana ezvinhu.Samarium yakatanga kushandiswa kumakore ekuma1970, ine neodymium magineti achiuya mukushandiswa muma1980.Ose ari maviri neodymium uye samarium akasimba asingawanzo epasi magineti uye anoshandiswa mune akawanda maindasitiri maapplication anosanganisira ane simba kwazvo turbines uye jenareta pamwe nesainzi mashandisirwo.
Neodymium
Dzimwe nguva anonzi magineti eNdFeB ezvinhu zvavanazvo - neodymium, iron uye boron, kana kungoti NIB - neodymium magineti ndiwo magineti akasimba aripo.Iyo yakanyanya simba chigadzirwa (BHmax) yeaya magineti, ayo anomiririra simba repakati, anogona kupfuura 50MGOe.
Iyo yakakwirira BHmax - inenge 10 nguva yakakwirira kudarika magineti e ceramic - inoita kuti ive yakanaka kune mamwe maapplication, asi kune tradeoff: neodymium ine kuderera kwekudzivirira kwekupisa kwekupisa, zvinoreva kuti kana ichipfuura imwe tembiricha, inorasikirwa nekukwanisa kwayo. kushanda.Iyo Tmax yeneodymium magineti i150 degrees Celsius, ingangoita hafu yesamarium cobalt kana ceramic.(Cherechedza kuti tembiricha chaiyo iyo magineti anorasikirwa nesimba rayo kana akaiswa mukupisa anogona kusiyanisa zvakati zvichienderana nealloy.)
Magnets anogonawo kufananidzwa zvichienderana neTcurie yavo.Kana magineti achidziirwa kusvika kune tembiricha inodarika Tmax yavo, kazhinji anogona kupora kana atonhodzwa;iyo Tcurie ndiyo tembiricha kupfuura iyo kupora hakugone kuitika.Kune neodymium magineti, Tcurie i310 madhigirii Celsius;neodymium magineti akadziya kusvika kana kupfuura tembiricha iyoyo haazokwanise kudzoreredza kushanda kana atonhodzwa.Ose maviri samarium uye ceramic magineti ane akakwira maTcuries, izvo zvinoita kuti ive sarudzo iri nani yekupisa-kupisa kwekushandisa.
Neodymium magineti anoshingirira zvakanyanya kuita demagnetized nekunze kwemagineti, asi anowanzoita ngura uye magineti mazhinji akaputirwa kuti adzivirire kubva mukuora.
Samarium Cobalt
Samarium cobalt, kana SaCo, magineti akatanga kuwanikwa muma1970s, uye kubvira ipapo, ave achishandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana dzekushandisa.Kunyangwe isina kusimba semagineti ye neodymium - samarium cobalt magineti anowanzo kuve neBHmax inosvika makumi maviri nematanhatu - magineti aya ane mukana wekukwanisa kushingirira tembiricha yakanyanya kupfuura neodymium magineti.Iyo Tmax yesamarium cobalt magineti ndeye 300 madhigirii Celsius, uye Tcurie inogona kusvika 750 degrees Celsius.Simba ravo rehukama rakasanganiswa nekugona kwavo kushingirira tembiricha yakanyanya kuita kuti ive yakakodzera kune yakanyanya-kupisa application.Kusiyana neodymium magineti, samarium cobalt magineti ane kumira zvakanaka pakuora;ivo zvakare vanowanzova nemutengo wepamusoro wepoindi kupfuura neodymium magineti.
Ceramic
Yakagadzirwa nebarium ferrite kana strontium, magineti eceramic anga aripo kwenguva yakareba kupfuura magineti epasi asingawanzo uye akatanga kushandiswa muma1960s.Ceramic magineti anowanzo kudhura pane isingawanzo gineti epasi asi iwo haana kusimba neyakajairwa BHmax inosvika 3.5 - ingangoita chikamu chegumi kana pasi peiyo yeneodymium kana samarium cobalt magineti.
Nezvekupisa, magineti eceramic ane Tmax ye300 degrees Celsius uye, semagineti esamarium, Tcurie ye460 degrees Celsius.Ceramic magineti anopokana zvakanyanya nekuora uye kazhinji haadi chero jira rekudzivirira.Izvo zviri nyore kuita magineti uye zvakare zvinodhura zvishoma pane neodymium kana samarium cobalt magineti;zvisinei, magineti eceramic ane brittle, achivaita sarudzo isina kunaka yezvikumbiro zvinosanganisira kuchinjika kana kushushikana.Ceramic magineti anowanzo shandiswa kuratidzira mukirasi uye mashoma ane simba maindasitiri uye mabhizinesi maapplication, senge epasi-giredhi jenareta kana turbine.Iwo anogona zvakare kushandiswa mukushandisa kumba uye mukugadzira magineti mapepa uye signage.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-09-2022
